I don't know how I managed to do it, but I did. Sent my two starter wolves on a hunt with a 100% success rate and when I completed the hunt it told me that I was unsuccessful and received nothing.
My jaw definitely dropped, and I'm sure if this happens more than once it will become very irritating, but since it was just a one-off it was actually pretty funny. I'll be keeping an eye out for an instance where it happens again so I can try to grab screenshots.
But I'm crowning myself as the biggest loser for the time being.